| Chlorine |
In gaseous state requires the highest safety requirements |
- Oxidant and effective disinfectant
- Removal of taste and odor
- prevents the growth of algae and microorganisms.
- contaminated organic substances
- Oxidized iron and magnesium.
- Solves hydrogen sulfide, cyanide, ammonium and other nitrogens.
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- Create safe conditions for the transport and storage
- Health risk in case of a leak
- the formation of disinfection by-products such as chloroform
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| Hypochlorite |
Forms used as liquid and granules (10-20% concentration) |
- Effective against most microorganisms
- Relatively safe in the storage and use
- Is produced locally
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- Not Effective in cysts (Giardia, Cryptosporidium)
- no long-term effect
- must be used immediately or stored with elaborate special permits.
- product loses effectiveness when long term stored.
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| Chlorine dioxide plants |
Production only locally.This disinfectant is among the strongest, which is available on the market |
- Works only in small doses
- Facilitates the formation of trihalomethane
- Destroy the phenols
- Kills odors and flavors
- oxidant and disinfectant for all types of microorganisms and effective in cysts (Giardia, Cryptosporidium) and viruses
- Very fast oxidation in water at iron and magnesium
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- Production only locally
- Requires the transport and storage of chemicals
- loses its effectiveness when it reacts with the organic matter
- Makes byproducts
- Own forms of chlorite and chloride ions
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| Chloramine |
A result of the reaction of ammonia with chlorine. It is used as a disinfectant |
- Dispositifs stables et à long terme Repercussion
- facilité le goût et de l'déplacement you odeur étrangers
- Réduit le niveau du trihalomethane et de la génération acidic chlore-organique
- empêche la formation of Humeurs visqueuses biologiques dans the systèmes de distribution
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- Strong long-term effect
- Eliminates odors and flavors
- Reduces the level of trihalomethanes
- Prevents the formation of biological viscous moods in the distribution
- Weak disinfectant and low oxidation compared to chlorine
- Not effective against viruses and cysts (Giardia, Cryptosporidium)
- Dangerous in the application
- Make as by-products containing nitrogen
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| Ozone |
Has been used for several decades in some of European countries for the purpose of disinfection.Inhibits the taste and the smell. |
- Powerful application in the disinfection and oxidation
- Very effective against Giardia, Cryptospridium and other pathogenic bacteria.
- Makes it easier to move the turbidity of the water.
- Removes the tastes and smells.
- Does not contain chlorine
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- Formation of by-products: aldehydes, ketones, organic acids, trihalomethanes, bromine, (bromoform included), bromate (in the presence of bromides). Peroxide
- The use of biologically active filters for the removal of by-products are required
- No 100% disinfectant
- High cost
- High expenditures for maintenance and installation
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| The ultra-violet |
UV rays can eliminate different types of microorganisms in the water. |
- Does not require storage or transport of chemicals.
- It do not form types of by-products.
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- High residual risk.
- Not effective against cysts (Giardia, Cryptospridium).
- Complicated installation and maintenance
- High energy costs
- Disinfection is on the turbidity of the water and the hardness (deposits on the surface of the bulb) dependent
- UV lamps are relatively vulnerable.
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